What is it? A satellite laser Measuring the height of the sea or land from space by timing how long a radar or laser pulse takes to bounce back. Glossary measuring surface height in 3D.
Why does it matter? To measure how much and why Earth's ice and surface are changing.
Polar The curved path an object takes as it travels around a planet, moon or star, like a satellite circling Earth. Glossary, covering ice sheets, sea ice, forests and coasts.
NASA's ICESat-2 launched on September 15, 2018 and carries a photon-counting laser altimeter that measures the elevation of ice sheets, glaciers, sea ice, tree canopies and the ocean in 3D detail. The laser pulses 10,000 times a second; each pulse releases about 300 trillion photons, and only about a dozen return. It helps scientists see why, and how much, Earth is changing in a warming climate.